vmod_std

Varnish Standard Module

Manual section:3

SYNOPSIS

import std [from "path"] ;

DESCRIPTION

Vmod_std contains basic functions which are part and parcel of Varnish, but which for reasons of architecture fit better in a VMOD.

One particular class of functions in vmod_std is the conversions functions which all have the form:

TYPE type(STRING, TYPE)

These functions attempt to convert STRING to the TYPE, and if that fails, they return the second argument, which must have the given TYPE.

CONTENTS

STRING toupper(STRING_LIST)

Prototype
STRING toupper(STRING_LIST s)
Description
Converts the string s to uppercase.
Example
set beresp.http.x-scream = std.toupper("yes!");

STRING tolower(STRING_LIST)

Prototype
STRING tolower(STRING_LIST s)
Description
Converts the string s to lowercase.
Example
set beresp.http.x-nice = std.tolower("VerY");

VOID set_ip_tos(INT)

Prototype
VOID set_ip_tos(INT tos)
Description
Sets the IP type-of-service (TOS) field for the current session to tos. Please note that the TOS field is not removed by the end of the request so probably want to set it on every request should you utilize it.
Example
if (req.url ~ ^/slow/) {
std.set_ip_tos(0x0);
}

REAL random(REAL, REAL)

Prototype
REAL random(REAL lo, REAL hi)
Description
Returns a random real number between lo and hi.
Example
set beresp.http.x-random-number = std.random(1, 100);

VOID log(STRING_LIST)

Prototype
VOID log(STRING_LIST s)
Description
Logs the string s to the shared memory log, using VSL tag SLT_VCL_Log.
Example
std.log("Something fishy is going on with the vhost " + req.host);

VOID syslog(INT, STRING_LIST)

Prototype
VOID syslog(INT priority, STRING_LIST s)
Description
Logs the string s to syslog marked with priority. See your system's syslog.h file for the legal values of priority.
Example
std.syslog(8 + 1, "Something is wrong");

STRING fileread(PRIV_CALL, STRING)

Prototype
STRING fileread(PRIV_CALL, STRING)
Description
Reads a file and returns a string with the content. Please note that it is not recommended to send variables to this function the caching in the function doesn't take this into account. Also, files are not re-read.
Example
set beresp.http.x-served-by = std.fileread("/etc/hostname");

VOID collect(HEADER)

Prototype
VOID collect(HEADER hdr)
Description
Collapses the header hdr, joining them into one.
Example

std.collect(req.http.cookie);

This will collapse several Cookie: headers into one, long cookie header.

DURATION duration(STRING, DURATION)

Prototype
DURATION duration(STRING s, DURATION fallback)
Description
Converts the string s to seconds. s must be quantified with ms (milliseconds), s (seconds), m (minutes), h (hours), d (days), w (weeks) or y (years) units. If conversion fails, fallback will be returned.
Example
set beresp.ttl = std.duration("1w", 3600s);

INT integer(STRING, INT)

Prototype
INT integer(STRING s, INT fallback)
Description
Converts the string s to an integer. If conversion fails, fallback will be returned.
Example
if (std.integer(beresp.http.x-foo, 0) > 5) {
...
}

IP ip(STRING, IP)

Prototype
IP ip(STRING s, IP fallback)
Description
Converts the string s to the first IP number returned by the system library function getaddrinfo(3). If conversion fails, fallback will be returned.
Example
if (std.ip(req.http.X-forwarded-for, "0.0.0.0") ~ my_acl) {
...
}

REAL real(STRING, REAL)

Prototype
REAL real(STRING s, REAL fallback)
Description
Converts the string s to a real. If conversion fails, fallback will be returned.
Example
set req.http.x-real = std.real(req.http.x-foo, 0.0);

TIME real2time(REAL)

Prototype
TIME real2time(REAL r)
Description
Converts the real r to a time.
Example
set req.http.x-time = std.real2time(1140618699.00);

INT time2integer(TIME)

Prototype
INT time2integer(TIME t)
Description
Converts the time t to a integer.
Example
set req.http.x-int = std.time2integer(now);

REAL time2real(TIME)

Prototype
REAL time2real(TIME t)
Description
Converts the time t to a real.
Example
set req.http.x-real = std.time2real(now);

BOOL healthy(BACKEND)

Prototype
BOOL healthy(BACKEND be)
Description
Returns true if the backend be is healthy.

INT port(IP)

Prototype
INT port(IP ip)
Description
Returns the port number of the IP address ip.

VOID rollback(HTTP)

Prototype
VOID rollback(HTTP h)
Description
Restores the h HTTP headers to their original state.
Example
std.rollback(bereq);

VOID timestamp(STRING)

Prototype
VOID timestamp(STRING s)
Description
Introduces a timestamp in the log with the current time, using the string s as the label. This is useful to time the execution of lengthy VCL procedures, and makes the timestamps inserted automatically by Varnish more accurate.
Example
std.timestamp("curl-request");

STRING querysort(STRING)

Prototype
STRING querysort(STRING)
Description
Sorts the query string for cache normalization purposes.
Example
set req.url = std.querysort(req.url);

VOID cache_req_body(BYTES)

Prototype
VOID cache_req_body(BYTES size)
Description

Cache the req.body if it is smaller than size.

Caching the req.body makes it possible to retry pass operations (POST, PUT).

Example

std.cache_req_body(1KB);

This will cache the req.body if its size is smaller than 1KB.

STRING strstr(STRING, STRING)

Prototype
STRING strstr(STRING s1, STRING s2)
Description

Returns the first occurrence of the string s2 in the string s1, or an empty string if not found.

Note that the comparison is case sensitive.

Example
if (std.strstr(req.url, req.http.x-restrict)) {
...
}

TIME time(STRING, TIME)

Prototype
TIME time(STRING s, TIME fallback)
Description

Converts the string s to a time. If conversion fails, fallback will be returned.

Supported formats:

"Sun, 06 Nov 1994 08:49:37 GMT"
"Sunday, 06-Nov-94 08:49:37 GMT"
"Sun Nov 6 08:49:37 1994"
"1994-11-06T08:49:37"
"784111777.00"
"784111777"
Example
if (std.time(resp.http.last-modified, now) < now - 1w) {
...
}

SEE ALSO

  • vcl(7)
  • varnishd(1)

HISTORY

The Varnish standard module was released along with Varnish Cache 3.0. This manual page was written by Per Buer with help from Martin Blix Grydeland.